Which type of endoleak is described as a leak at the graft ends?

Type I endoleak is characterized by a leak that occurs at the proximal or distal ends of an endovascular graft. This type of endoleak is significant because it indicates a failure to adequately seal the graft at its attachment points to the vessel wall. Type I endoleaks can result from inadequate anchoring of the graft or anatomical factors such as unfavorable aortic anatomy.

Proximal and distal leaks jeopardize the efficacy of the graft and can lead to continued blood flow into the aneurysm sac, thereby increasing the risk of aneurysm rupture and other complications. It is crucial for interventional radiologists to identify and address Type I endoleaks promptly to prevent adverse outcomes.

In contrast, other types of endoleaks, such as Type II, are typically due to retrograde flow from collateral vessels and occur away from the graft ends. Type III endoleaks happen due to defects or tears within the graft material itself, and Type IV endoleaks are related to the porosity of the graft fabric, which allows blood to seep through. Understanding these distinctions is important for appropriate management and treatment strategies in vascular procedures.