Which patient scenario is ideal for using MAA?

Using microsphere radioembolization with microspheres of albumin (MAA) is particularly beneficial in patients with non-resectable liver cancer, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or metastases confined to the liver. This method involves delivering radioactive microspheres into the hepatic artery, providing targeted radiation therapy directly to the tumor while sparing surrounding healthy tissue.

In cases of non-resectable liver cancer, the approach helps control tumor growth and can potentially downstage the tumor, making it amenable to other treatments or palliative care. This targeted therapy can also alleviate symptoms associated with liver tumors and provide a degree of control over the disease's progression.

In other scenarios presented, such as patients undergoing external radiation therapy, those with extensive metastatic disease, or those scheduled for liver transplant, the use of MAA may not offer the same level of benefit or could even present complications that limit its effectiveness. For instance, extensive metastatic disease may not respond as beneficially to localized therapy, external radiation could complicate the radioembolization approach, and active interventions prior to transplant must be carefully weighed against the risks of further compromising the liver’s function.