Which of the following is an indication for treatment of an AVM?

Recurrent hemorrhage is a significant indication for the treatment of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). AVMs are abnormal connections between arteries and veins that bypass the capillary system, which can lead to increased pressure in the venous system. This increased pressure, coupled with the structural weakness of the vessels involved, can result in spontaneous bleeding episodes.

When an individual experiences recurrent hemorrhages, it indicates that the AVM is posing a substantial risk to their health and can lead to serious complications such as significant neurological deficits or even life-threatening situations. Therefore, intervention to treat the AVM—through options such as embolization, surgical resection, or stereotactic radiosurgery—may be necessary to reduce bleeding risk and prevent further complications.

In contrast, the other conditions listed, such as peripheral nervous disorders, cardiovascular hypertrophy, and hypoglycemia, are not direct indications for the treatment of an AVM. While they may occur in patients with AVMs, they do not represent a mechanism by which an AVM complicates a patient's condition that would require intervention. The focus of treatment for AVMs primarily revolves around the prevention of hemorrhage and the management of the neurological sequelae that result from these vascular malformations.