Which of the following is a contraindication for kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty?

Uncontrolled coagulopathy is a significant contraindication for kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty because these procedures involve percutaneous access to the vertebral bodies, which carries a risk of bleeding. In patients with coagulation disorders, the risk of excessive bleeding during or after the procedure increases considerably, making it unsafe. This could lead to serious complications, such as hematoma formation or even life-threatening hemorrhage, which can be difficult to manage in the context of an active intervention.

While other conditions listed may have implications for the procedure, uncontrolled coagulopathy presents clear and immediate risks that could jeopardize patient safety. Therefore, management of a patient’s coagulation status is crucial before considering these interventional procedures.