Which artery is known as the major vessel that supplies blood to the arm?

Study for the Interventional Radiology Registry Exam. Utilize flashcards and multiple choice questions; each question offers hints and explanations. Prepare thoroughly for your success!

The brachial artery is recognized as the major vessel supplying blood to the arm due to its critical role in carrying oxygenated blood from the heart to the muscles and tissues of the upper limb. It originates from the axillary artery at the lower border of the teres major muscle and extends down the arm, typically situated medial to the humerus.

As it descends, the brachial artery divides into the radial and ulnar arteries at the elbow, which further supply the forearm and hand. The brachial artery's significance in arm blood supply is complemented by its accessibility for clinical procedures, such as blood pressure measurements and venipuncture.

In contrast, while the radial artery is an important blood supply pathway for the forearm and hand, it branches off from the brachial artery rather than serving as the primary supply to the arm itself. The internal jugular vein, although critical for venous drainage from the head and neck, does not supply the arm at all. Similarly, the common femoral artery is responsible for supplying the lower extremity rather than the arm, reflecting a particular anatomical distinction in vascular supply.

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