Which arteries supply blood to the head and neck?

The carotid arteries are primarily responsible for supplying blood to the head and neck. They are divided into two main branches: the external carotid artery, which supplies blood to the face and neck, and the internal carotid artery, which supplies blood to the brain. This dual supply is critical for ensuring adequate perfusion of both the cerebral and facial structures.

While the vertebral arteries also contribute to the blood supply of the brain by ascending through the cervical vertebrae and joining to form the basilar artery, their primary role is cerebral perfusion rather than supplying the head and neck as a whole. Additionally, the coronary arteries are responsible for supplying blood to the heart muscle itself, and the femoral arteries supply blood to the lower extremities. Therefore, in the context of blood supply to the head and neck specifically, the carotid arteries are the key vessels.