What technique is utilized to confirm the correct placement of the working cannula in kyphoplasty?

In kyphoplasty, fluoroscopy is the technique utilized to confirm the correct placement of the working cannula. This imaging method allows real-time visualization of the anatomy, facilitating the precise positioning of the cannula within the vertebra. By using fluoroscopy, interventional radiologists can ensure that the cannula is accurately directed to the target site for the injection of bone cement, which is critical for the successful stabilization of the fractured vertebra and minimizing complications. Fluoroscopy enhances safety and efficacy during the procedure by providing continuous feedback on the positioning of the instrumentation, thus ensuring that the intended treatment is delivered to the correct location.

Other modalities like endoscopic examination, electromyography, and ultrasound do not provide the same level of real-time imaging necessary for guiding cannula placement in the vertebral body during kyphoplasty.