What is the main purpose of an IVC filter?

The primary purpose of an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter is to prevent emboli, particularly deep vein thrombosis (DVT) clots, from traveling from the lower extremities to the lungs, which can cause a pulmonary embolism (PE). When placed in the IVC, this device captures the emboli before they can reach the pulmonary circulation, thereby significantly reducing the risk of serious, life-threatening conditions associated with clot migration.

IVC filters are often used in patients who are at high risk of developing clots but are contraindicated for anticoagulation therapy, or when anticoagulation has failed. They serve as a critical intervention in managing and preventing pulmonary embolism, making them an essential tool in interventional radiology.

The other options do not accurately reflect the function of an IVC filter. Stabilizing blood pressure during surgery is not a role of the filter. Enhancing blood flow in renal veins and assisting with the drainage of adrenal veins are functions unrelated to the purpose of an IVC filter, which focuses solely on capturing potential emboli in the inferior vena cava.