What condition is a common indication for kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty?

Kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty are procedures commonly performed to address vertebral compression fractures, primarily associated with conditions like osteoporosis. Osteoporosis leads to a decrease in bone density, which increases the risk of fractures, particularly in the vertebrae. In patients with osteoporosis, even minor trauma can result in these painful fractures, leading to significant discomfort, loss of mobility, and decreased quality of life.

Kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty work by stabilizing the fractured vertebra and reducing pain. In kyphoplasty, a balloon is used to create space within the vertebra before injecting cement, which helps restore some height and corrects the spinal alignment. In vertebroplasty, the cement is injected directly into the fractured vertebra, providing immediate stabilization.

The other conditions listed, such as herniated disc, spinal stenosis, and scoliosis, involve different pathologies and are typically managed through other means, such as surgical decompression, physical therapy, or bracing. They do not primarily result in the kind of acute vertebral compression fractures that necessitate the specific interventions of kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty. Thus, osteoporosis stands out as the primary condition warranting these procedures.