The nucleus pulposus is primarily made up of which type of substance?

The nucleus pulposus is primarily composed of a gelatinous substance, which is essential for its function in the intervertebral discs. This gelatinous mass is rich in water content, which plays a critical role in providing the disc with its ability to absorb shock and withstand axial loads during movements such as bending and twisting. The high water content is crucial for maintaining the disc's hydration and elasticity, allowing it to effectively distribute pressure and reduce the likelihood of injury to the spine.

This composition contributes to the overall biomechanics of the vertebral column, enhancing flexibility and providing cushioning. As the gelatinous substance comprises primarily glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteoglycans, it serves not only as a structural component but also as a medium for nutrient exchange within the disc.

Other choices, while related to the anatomy of the spine, do not accurately describe the primary composition of the nucleus pulposus. Bone tissue is rigid and serves a supportive role rather than the flexible cushioning function of the nucleus pulposus. Fibrous material and cartilage are elements found in the intervertebral discs, but they do not characterize the nucleus pulposus itself. Instead, the annulus fibrosus, the outer part of the disc, is